Surrogacy
By
Dedy Mustari
Having a child is a dream of every couple in the entire world by assuming that a set of people's life will be more fascinating when people are able to conceive, bear, and raise a child. However, this dream remains difficult for those who have biological reproduction disability, probably due to the medical or physical problem such as infertility, but the desire of conceiving a child leads people to observe and seek for the compatible solutions through which their dream will be achieved. The remaining option besides adoption is Surrogacy, currently emerging as one of the most desirable options as well as the most controversial way among other assisted reproduction methods, is the agreement or method whereby a woman (surrogate mother) accepts to conceive a baby for another woman. The practice of this method, world widely, has been discussed, defined, and argued due to its effectiveness and expediency toward the reproduction.
Generally, surrogacy is divided into two main types : Traditional Surrogacy and Gestasional Surrogacy. The first one, is the pregnancy where the surrogate is genetically related to the baby by using artificial insemination and usually assisted by relatives. Whereas, gestational, is completely related to intended parent(s) in using egg and sperm created by In Vitro Fertilization (IVF). In order to pursue this method, a couple need to accomplish several complicated procedures such as surrogate must has no history of clinical mental illness, must have given birth and raised at least one child, etc. Unfortunately, this method seems to trigger many devastating effects into surrogate mother as well as give the potential harm into the unborned baby.
Accordingly, many Europe Countries have completely banned or regulated this method strictly after realizing the danger of surrogacy, for instance, Germany, Austria, France, Norway, and Bulgaria. One of the chief reasons is that surrogacy commodifies the human body. The surrogate mothers rent their own womb to obtain payment from intended parent(s) or clinic which provides the surrogacy procedure. According to Center For Social Research (CSR) showed that in North America, a typical payment for surrogate mothers are between US$20.000 and US$25.000. Otherwise, the probability of those children becomes the mere object of exploitation is higher. For Instance, the child who was regularly sexually abuse for almost 6 years by his father become groomed to perform sexual acts and prostitution.
Furthermore, Surrogacy inflicts psychological issues, Claiming that the Bond between surrogate mother and the unborned baby are established while pregnancy. The Cognitive and Developmental Phychology Literature states that there is a crucial moment where the baby begins to form a Cognitive attachment upon intersubjective interaction with gestational mother. This problem also engenders whether the children will be allowed to know their real parents and be able to grow up with different bond from different parent. The reported case comes from 'Baby M' in 1986 whose validity was questioned in the court due to the surrogate mother's decision to keep raising the 'Baby M'.
To summarize, this practice needs completely learning and considering. In order to create the certain arrangement provided either for surrogate mothers and the children themselves by verifying its validity, Psychological effects, and Human Right. The reality towards this phenomenon is fully recommended being discussed by society.
Komentar
Posting Komentar